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empowerment to call attention to deficiencies, ranging from cracking infrastructure to
inefficient use of water resources and quality issues. Stress sites and bottlenecks can be

addressed by ‘War on Leak’ agents acting in real time, countering water losses,

unemployment, and lack of resources in “one go”. IoT has the potential to turn every citizen
into a responsible guardian of precious water preservation, departing from reliance on

malfunctioning municipality administration in identifying stress sites. Moreover, local

engagement and ownership can be magnified by shifting from content development on
conventional proprietary social network platforms, to developing and applying open source

on user-driven inclusive platforms that link and consolidate community efforts.

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Therein lies immeasurable potential for the integration of 4 generation technologies beyond
IoT, through which innovations such as artificial intelligence (AI), cognitive AI, machine
learning, blockchain, and virtual reality contend to improve the accessibility, mobility, and

performances of resources, knowledge, people, and products in ways that bring humanity

closer to our sustainable objectives.

ii) Guidelines for AI Ethics

AI already performs tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings – diagnosing disease,
translating languages, identifying persons, providing customer and employee service, and so

forth. It is now under way to establish the most disruptive technological shift ever

experienced by humanity. Fundamental questions arise about the relationship between AI and
humans. The achievements of AI will depend on what purposes it is mobilised for.

With the state-of-art-technology along with society’s expectations in a state of flux, the
applicability of traditional law to AI becomes increasingly unclear, inevitably making it

critical what ethical principles apply. Can such principles be defined, however, and then
adhered to?

Ethical constructs and their follow-up vary, reflecting the particular political, cultural and

socio-economic contexts in which they arise. In the case of AI, multiple actors have come to

the forefront, voicing alarm that steeply enhanced capabilities and functionalities are about to
blur the boundaries between everyday achievements of machines and humans beyond

recognition. Separating a “real” messenger or “true” creator from a fake may, for instance,

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